Which foods should a client prescribed an MAO inhibitor be instructed to avoid?

Clients prescribed monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) must adhere to specific dietary restrictions due to the potential for dangerous interactions between these medications and certain foods. MAOIs can inhibit the breakdown of tyramine, a naturally occurring compound found in various foods. When a person consuming an MAOI ingests high levels of tyramine, it can lead to hypertensive crises, which are characterized by dangerously high blood pressure.

The correct answer addresses key food items that are high in tyramine. Aged cheeses and meats are significant sources of tyramine because the aging process increases tyramine levels as proteins break down. Concentrated yeast extracts, such as those found in some spreads and bouillons, also contain high levels of tyramine and pose a risk when combined with MAOIs. Sauerkraut and fava beans are additional foods known for their elevated tyramine content.

Avoiding these specific foods is crucial for maintaining the safety and effectiveness of the treatment while minimizing adverse effects associated with MAOIs.